Sudan Civil War: Two Years of Conflict, Humanitarian Crisis, and No Peace in Sight

The Outbreak of War

• 🗓️ On April 15th, 2023, the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) launched attacks against General Abdul Fata al-Burhan's army, initiating a civil war.
• 🗣️ Initially, al-Burhan promised a swift victory and a return to civilian rule, but this marked the beginning of a prolonged and violent conflict.

Shifting Tides and International Involvement

• 🚀 The RSF, allegedly supported by foreign arms deliveries including from the United Arab Emirates, proved to be a formidable opponent, securing ground victories and capturing significant territory.
• 🌍 International efforts for ceasefires and mediation have repeatedly stalled, with truce agreements being immediately violated.

Devastating Humanitarian Crisis

• ⚠️ The conflict has resulted in one of the world's worst humanitarian crises, with tens of thousands killed and over 11 million displaced.
• 🍲 There is a high risk of famine, and civilians face severe shortages of food, shelter, water, and medical supplies.
• ⚖️ Allegations of war crimes, including attacks on internally displaced persons, have been raised by the International Criminal Court.
• 💔 Women and girls are at significant risk of widespread rape and sexual violence.

Military Advances and Fractured Nation

• 📈 By late 2024, the Sudanese army began regaining ground through a multi-front counter-offensive, reclaiming key areas like the presidential palace and airport in Khartoum by March 2025.
• 🗺️ The country has become increasingly fractured, with the army controlling most of the north and east.
• 🕊️ Despite military shifts, there is currently no clear pathway to peace in sight.