Senator Brian Schatz on the U.S. and Tribal Government Relations and Lumbi Recognition

The U.S. and Tribal Government Relationship

• 🏛️ Federal recognition forms the basis for a government-to-government relationship between the United States and tribal nations.
• 🤝 This relationship is political in nature and described as incredibly powerful.
• 📜 Congress's authority over Indian affairs is enshrined in the Constitution and is plenary, with federal acknowledgment being one of its most sacred duties.

Historical Context of Tribal Recognition

• 📜 Until 1871, the U.S. conducted Indian policy through treaty negotiations.
• ⚖️ Treaties were replaced by the legislative process currently used for Indian affairs.
• ⏳ Over 150 years, Congress has federally recognized only 39 tribes.

Lumbi Tribe Recognition

• 📌 Since 1888, Congress has considered dozens of bills related to the Lumbi tribe and federal obligations.
• bipartisanship legislation, S107, is a key example of ongoing efforts for Lumbi recognition.
• 🗣️ Multiple hearings have been held in the Senate and the House of Representatives has passed several Lumbi recognition bills.
• 🔍 The process of federal recognition is deliberative, with each hearing adding to the record and understanding.
• 🔑 Recognizing tribal relations with the United States is a rare exercise of congressional power over Indian affairs.