How to Install Apache Maven on Linux: Step-by-Step Guide

Prerequisites for Maven Installation

• 💡 Before installing Maven, ensure Java is installed on your Linux system by running java -version.
• 🎯 Maven is a build automation and project management tool for Java, requiring a Java Development Kit (JDK) to function.

Method 1: Package Manager Installation

• 📦 For Ubuntu/Debian systems, use sudo apt install maven.
• 📦 For Fedora or similar distributions, use sudo dnf install maven.
• ⚠️ This method is quick but might install an older version of Maven.

Method 2: Official Binary Installation

• 🌐 Navigate to the official Apache Maven website to download the latest binary distribution.
• 🗜️ Download the bin.tar.gz archive for your Linux system.
• 📂 Extract the downloaded archive using the tar -xvzf <archive_name>.tar.gz command in your Downloads folder.

Setting Up Environment Variables

• 📂 Move the extracted Maven folder to a standard location like /opt using sudo mv apache-maven-<version> /opt/maven.
• ✍️ Edit your ~/.bashrc file using a text editor (e.g., nano ~/.bashrc) to add environment variables.
• 🚀 Add the following lines to ~/.bashrc:
  • export M2_HOME=/opt/maven
  • export PATH=$M2_HOME/bin:$PATH
• 💾 Save the changes by pressing Ctrl+O, Enter, and exit with Ctrl+X.

Verification

• 🔄 Apply the changes to your current terminal session by running source ~/.bashrc.
• ✅ Verify the Maven installation by typing mvn -version in the terminal.
• 🎯 A successful output will display the installed Maven version and the Maven home directory.